Chemistry (derived from the Arabic of the "art of transformation" and Greek khemeia "alchemy") is the study regarding the composition and properties of substances or materials from the atomic scale until the molecule and change or transformation and interaction them to form the material found everyday. Chemical also studied the understanding of the nature and interactions of individual atoms with the aim to apply that knowledge at the level macroscopic. According to modern chemistry, physical properties of matter generally determined by the structure at the atomic level, which in turn determined by the force between atoms.
Analytical Chemistry
* Analytical Chemistry is the analysis of material samples to obtain understanding of the chemical composition and structure. Analytical Chemistry involves a standard experimental method in chemistry. Methods This can be used in all other sub-disciplines of chemistry, except for purely theoretical chemistry.
Analytical Chemistry is a discipline that develops and applying the methods, instruments and strategies to obtain information on the composition and condition of materials in space and time. Research group of scientific / analytical chemistry expertise focused on the development, validation and application of "state-of-the-art "analytical methods as well as integrated and terautomasi instrumentation for trace analysis and speciation.
Element
- Elements are substances that can not be broken down into substances that smaller, or can not be changed form the other chemicals with how physics or kimiabiasa.
- The smallest particles of elements are atoms
- The lightest element is H and He. H is believed to be the is the first time in the world after the Big Bang.
- All elements of the weight-2 naturally formed mel various methods of nucleosynthesis.
- Until 2005, 118 known elements, 93 are in nature, 23 an artificial element.
- Elements that created humans, usually not stable and with spontaneously transformed into stable natural chemical elements mel Radioactive process.
- An artificial element was first suspected to be a Tekne Tiu m (1937). All merupk artificial radioactive element with which Part Time short.
Atom
- Atom is a very small unit in any existing language, around us.
- Atomic term: the first time at the ol said Democritus (a = No, tomos = Cut / for) means the smallest unit that can not divided.
- Atom is a collection of materials consists of atomic nuclei (Nucleus) positively charged, which usually contain Proton and Neutrons, and some of the electrons surrounding the offset positively charged nucleus.
Molecule
- The molecule is an integral part of most smaller than the pure compounds have unique characteristics and physical kia.
- The molecule consists of 2 or more bond ATOM. Ex: H2O is Water molecules, (CH2O) 6 is a molecule SUGAR.
Ion
- Ions are ato / set Electricity charged atoms.
- Negatively charged ion, when the capture of one or more ELECTRON, is called an anion, because he was attracted to ANODE.
- Positively charged ion, which loses one or more electron, called KAYION, kerana attracted to the CATHODE.
- Ion, ion formation process is called ionization. Atom or groups are ionized atoms marked with tikatas n + or n-, Where n is the number of electrons lost or gained.
- Ion, was first theorized by Michael Faraday in the year 1830 to describe the molecules that move into the anode or cathode. But this event new mechanism diseskripsikan in 1884 by SYANTE Aug ARRCHENIUS in the dissertation doctorate at the UNIVERSITY OF Uppsala. At first, this theory does not received (he obtained his degree with a minimum value), but dissertation won the Nobel Prize for Chemistry in 1903.
Chemical Compounds
- The chemical compound is: CHEMICAL SUBSTANCE formed from 2 or more Element with a fixed ratio determining the composition. For example, Water, H2O is a compound consisting of 2 H atoms to every atom O.
- The characteristics that distinguish the compound is that he has FORMULAS CHEMISTRY. The chemical formula gives the ratio of atoms in the substance and the amount of atoms in a single molecule, therefore the chemical formula of ethene dalah C2H4 and not CH2.
- Compounds can form in several PHASE, both in substance SOLID, LIQUID or GAS. All compounds will break down into compounds ATOM smaller or individual when heated to a temperature particular, the so-called decomposition temperature.
- Types of compounds: Acids, Bases, ionic compounds, salts, oxides, organic compounds in binary form (2 items), ternary (3 elements), Quaternary (4 elements).
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